Summary: We develop a dual-lead ECG–PPG patch and pipeline for unobtrusive, continuous stress monitoring in daily life.

Abstract

HealthSense integrates synchronized ECG and PPG to derive robust features (e.g., HRV, pulse morphology) and fuses them with lightweight temporal models for real-time stress estimation. We detail device design, on-body studies, and validation against perceived stress and protocol-induced stressors. Results indicate strong correlations and stable performance across activities with minimal wearer burden, highlighting feasibility for continuous mobile health sensing. HealthSense